This is because in order for the replacement module to communicate with the other modules on the network, it must contain information which is specific to the car. THE PROBLEM - With modules controlling nearly every aspect of vehicle operation, a module failure may cause a replacement issue for the automotive technician.
Today all modern cars have a network (usually CANBUS) over which all modules are linked. If the security system sensed a break-in it could communicate to the ECU to prevent the vehicle from starting. This would allow the ECU to pass information to the transmission controller and vise versa. As time progressed, automotive engineers realized that it would be advantageous for the modules to communicate information with each other. Once manufacturers realized the flexibility of computer control, computer based modules began appearing in an increasing variety of applications: transmission controllers, anti-lock brakes, digital clusters, vehicle security, SRS systems and more. Not only could manufacturers now meet emission standards, but also improve fuel economy and performance.
Computer management of the engine was extremely successful as it allowed precise control over all parameters of operation. The reason for this was that the previous mechanical emission control systems could not meet the newly imposed government standards. HISTORY - Beginning in the late 1980s, vehicle manufacturers, faced with increasing emission requirements from the government, began to use small, microprocessor based computers to manage engine operation.
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